Working in the movies, Complementary and alternative medicine, The cloud messenger Reading Answers
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The IELTS Reading passage, Working in the movies, along with the other two IELTS Academic Reading passages – Complementary and alternative medicine and The cloud messenger, make this a complete IELTS Reading practice test. You will have 60 minutes to complete the whole test, which consists of 40 questions in total.
Here are the question types in this reading test:
- IELTS Reading Flowchart Completion
- True/False/Not Given IELTS Reading
- IELTS Reading Sentence Completion
- IELTS Reading Multiple Choice Question
- IELTS Reading Matching Features
- IELTS Reading Matching Sentence Endings
- Matching Information IELTS Reading
- IELTS Reading Matching Headings to Paragraphs
- Diagram Completion IELTS Reading
Aiming for Band 9? Check out this video on IELTS Reading 2024 | HOW I GOT BAND 9 (Complete Guide)!
Reading Passage 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with the Working in the movies PDF here.
Working in the movies
Questions 1-5
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 1-5 in your answer sheet.
The Subtitling Process
Stage 1: Translate and adapt the script
Stage 2: 1……………….………. matching the subtitles to what said. Involves recording time codes by using the 2…………………………………..and…………………………. keys.
Stage 3: 3……………………. in order to make the 4…………..……………………………. better
Multi-lingual project
Stage 1: Produce something known as a 5………………………………………………………..and translate that
Questions 6-9
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet write
TRUE, if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE, if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN, if there is no information on this
6 For translators, all subtitling work on films is desirable.
7 Subtitling work involves a requirement that does not apply to other translation work.
8 Some subtitling techniques work better than others.
9 Few people are completely successful at subtitling comedies.
Questions 10-13
Complete the sentences below with words from Reading Passage I.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces 10—13 on your answer sheet.
10 Poor subtitling can be a result of the subtitler not being excellent at…………………..…….
11 To create subtitles for a video version of a film, it may be necessary to………………….…..
12 Subtitles usually have a………………………………………. around them.
13 Speakers can be distinguished from each other for the benefit of…………………………………
Reading Passage 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with the Complementary and alternative medicine PDF here.
Complementary and alternative medicine
What do scientists in britain think about alternative’ therapies? Or la kennedy reads a surprising survey
Questions 14-19
Look at the following views (Questions 14—19) and the list of people below them.
Match each view with the person expressing it in the passage.
Write the correct letter A—E in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
14 Complementary medicine provides something that conventional medicine no longer does.
15 It is hard for people to know whether they are being told the truth or nor.
16 Certain kinds of complementary and alternative medicine are taken seriously because of the number of people making money from them.
17 Nothing can be considered a form of medicine unless it has been proved effective.
18 It seems likely that some forms of alternative medicine do work.
19 One particular kind of alternative medicine is a deliberate attempt to cheat the public.
List of People
A Dr. Romke Bron
B a molecular biologist from the University of Warwick
C Dr. Stephen Norrish
D a neuroscientist at King’s College London E Professor David Moore
Questions 20-22
Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-F from the box below.
Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 20-22 on your answer sheet.
20 The British Association for the Advancement of Science will be discussing the issue of
21 A recent survey conducted by a certain organization addressed the issue of
22 The survey in which the writer of the article was involved gave information on
A what makes people use complementary rather than conventional medicine.’
B how many scientists themselves use complementary and alternative medicine.
C whether alternative medicine should be investigated scientifically.
D research into the use of complementary and conventional medicine together.
E how many people use various kinds of complementary medicine.
F the extent to which attitudes to alternative medicine are changing
Questions 23—26
Classify the following information as being given.
| A | acupuncture |
| B | aromatherapy |
| C | herbalism |
| D | homeopathy |
23 scientists believe that it is ineffective but harmless.
24 Scientists felt that it could be added to the group of therapies that deserved to be provided with resources for further investigation.
25 Scientists felt that it deserved to be taken seriously because of the organized way in which it has developed.
26 A number of scientists had used it, but harsh criticism was expressed about it
Reading Passage 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with The Cloud Messenger PDF here.
The Cloud Messenger
Questions 27-32
Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs A-F.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-x in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
| List of Headings | |
| i | An easily understood system |
| ii | Doubts dismissed |
| iii | Not an unconventional view |
| iv | Theories compared |
| v | A momentous occasion |
| vi | The controversial use of terminology |
| vii | Initial confusion |
| viii | Previous beliefs replaced |
| ix | More straightforward than expected |
| x | An obvious thing to do |
27 Paragraph A
28 Paragraph B
29 Paragraph C
30 Paragraph D
31 Paragraph E
32 Paragraph F
Questions 33-36
Label the diagram below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 33—36 on your answer sheet.
Reaching the situation known as the 33………………………..
not much 34………………………..
temperature down 35…………………….. per 36………………………
Questions 37-40
Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs labelled A-F
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
37 an example of a modification made to work done by Howard
38 a comparison between Howard’s work and another classification system.
39 a reference to the fact that Howard presented a very large amount of information
40 an assumption that the audience asked themselves a question
Answers
Since you have completed the questions, it’s time to check the answer key for Working in the movies, Complementary and alternative medicine, The cloud messenger IELTS Reading Answers and get an idea of how you need to improve for a high IELTS Reading band score.
Working in the movies Reading Answers (Passage 1)
Questions 1-5
1.
Answer: timing
Question Type: Flowchart Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 2
Answer explanation: In the reference, paragraph author mentions that “this process is then followed by a manual review, subtitle by the subtitle, and time- codes are adjusted to improve synchronization and respect shot changes. This process involves playing the film frame by frame as it is essential the subtitles respect the visual rhythm of the film.” ‘Synchronising the subtitles to the dialogue and pictures’ means ‘matching the subtitles to what is said and seen’.
2.
Answer: insert; delete
Question Type: Flowchart Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 5
Answer explanation: According to a line in the given paragraph “you insert your subtitle when you hear the corresponding dialogue and delete it when the dialogue finishes. The videotape carries a time code that runs in hours, minutes, seconds and frames. Think of it as a clock. The subtitling unit has an insert key to capture the time code where you want the subtitle to appear. When you press the delete key, it captures the time code where you want the subtitle to disappear.” You press the insert key to record the time on the tape when you want the subtitle to appear on the screen, and the delete key to record the time on the tape when you want it to disappear from the screen.
3.
Answer: (a) manual review
Question Type: Flowchart Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 2
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, it is mentioned that “this process is then followed by a manual review, subtitle by the subtitle, and time- codes are adjusted to improve synchronization and respect shot changes.” After setting the places where each subtitle appears and disappears, you then check each one by (manually) pressing the necessary keys.
4.
Answer: synchronization
Question Type: Flowchart Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 2
Answer explanation: The said paragraph states that “this process is then followed by a manual review, subtitle by the subtitle, and time- codes are adjusted to improve synchronization and respect shot changes.” While checking all the subtitles, some may be ‘adjusted’ (changed a bit) to ‘improve synchronization’ – to make sure that the subtitles match the dialogue and the pictures better.
5.
Answer: spotting list
Question Type: Flowchart Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, 2nd last line
Answer explanation: The answer is clearly mentioned in the said paragraph and line. You must note the paraphrasing here. In the passage, it is said that “it’s just a different method.’ For multi-lingual projects, the timing is done first to create what is called a ‘spotting list’, a subtitle template, which is in effect a list of English subtitles pre-timed and edited for translation purposes.” All the subtitles are in English, all timed to fit in at the correct places in the film; these subtitles are then translated into the required language by a translator, who does not have to fit them into the correct places because this has already been done.
6.
Answer: TRUE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 2
Answer explanation: A line in the said paragraph discusses that “as translating goes, it doesn’t get more entertaining or glamorous than subtitling films. If you’re very lucky, you get to work on the new blockbuster films before they’re in the cinema, and if you’re just plain lucky, you get to work on the blockbuster movies that are going to video or DVD.” The writer says that if you work as a translator, there is nothing more ‘entertaining or glamorous’ than subtitling films. The best work is on new blockbuster films before they come out, but you are also lucky if you work on films being translated for video or DVD. All translators, therefore, want to do any work that involves subtitling films.
7.
Answer: TRUE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph B, last line
Answer explanation: Author states that “you have to be precise and, of course, much more concise than in traditional translation work”, you have to say things in fewer words than in traditional translation work.
8.
Answer: FALSE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 5
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, there’s a line in the said paragraph that describes “but you could do it in different stages, translate let’s say 20 minutes of the film, then time this section and translate the next 20 minutes, and so on. It’s just a different method.” Two different methods are described. The second is said to be ‘just a different method’, which means that it is neither better nor worse than the first. It is simply a different approach. The two methods are therefore equally effective.
9.
Answer: NOT GIVEN
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 1
Answer explanation: The opening line of paragragph F states that “translators often have a favourite genre, whether it’s war films, musicals, comedies (one of the most difficult because of the subtleties and nuances of comedy in different countries).” Comedies are said to be particularly difficult to translate and provide subtitles for, but we are not told whether or not only a few people manage to do it successfully.
10.
Answer: the source language
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 2
Answer explanation: Paragraph states that “mistakes usually occur when the translator does not master the source language and misunderstands the original dialogue.” If the translator ‘does not master’ (is not excellent at) the source language, they will make mistakes when subtitling.
11.
Answer: reformat the timing
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, last line
Answer explanation: “If subtitles were done for cinema on 35mm, we would need to reformat the timing for video, as subtitles could be out of synch or too fast. If the translation is good, we would obviously respect the work of the original translator.’” Here the timing of the subtitles has to be changed when a video version of the film is made because the subtitles for the film version may not match those required for the video version for technical reasons.
12.
Answer: thin black border
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 4
Answer explanation: In the reference paragraph you can find the information that “characters usually appear in white with a thin black border for easy reading against a white or light background. We can also use different colours for each speaker when subtitling for the hearing impaired.” A border is something that surrounds something. Most subtitles have white letters with a thin black border around them, we are told.
13.
Answer: the hearing impaired
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph E, 2nd last line
Answer explanation: The last line of paragraph E informs that “we can also use different colours for each speaker when subtitling for the hearing impaired. Subtitles should have a maximum of two lines and the maximum number of characters on each line should be between 32 and 39. Our company standard is 37 (different companies and countries have different standards).” The words spoken by different characters can be put into different colours for each character so that people who are deaf or cannot hear well will know which character Is speaking while they are reading the subtitles.
Complementary and alternative medicine Reading Answers (Passage 2)
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Question 14-26
14.
Answer: C
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph F, last line
Answer explanation: Author puts forward the information that “Dr. Stephen Nurrish, a molecular biologist at University College London, said: ‘Much of the benefits people get from complementary medicine is the time to talk to someone and be listened to sympathetically, something that is now lacking from medicine in general.’” Dr. Norrish says that complementary medicine gives people the chance to ‘talk to someone and be listened to sympathetically’, and that this opportunity is ‘lacking’ (Is not available) in medicine In general.
15.
Answer: A
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph F, last line
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph Dr. Bron said: “There is an awful lot of bad science going on in alternative medicine and the general public has a hard time to distinguish between scientific myth and fact. It is absolutely paramount to maintain rigorous quality control in health care. Although the majority of alternative health workers mean well, there are just too many frauds out there preying on vulnerable people.” Dr. Bron says that in the field of alternative medicine, ‘the general public has a hard time distinguishing between scientific myth and fact’. Some things they are told are not true, but they may not know that.
16.
Answer: D
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph G, line 2
Answer explanation: Paragraph G informs us that “‘On the validity of complementary and alternative medicines, no one would dispute that ‘feeling good’ is good for your health, but why discriminate between museum-trip therapy, patting-a-dog therapy, and aromatherapy? Is it because only the latter has a cadre of professional ‘practitioners’?’” The neuroscientist has a ‘withering’ (very critical) the opinion of alternative medicine. He says that the only difference between aromatherapy (‘the latter’) and the other kinds of therapy he mentions is that aromatherapy has a ‘cadre of professional practitioners’ – there are a number of people who earn a living from aromatherapy – whereas this is not the case with the other kinds of therapy. He suggests that the other kinds of therapy are not taken seriously and that aromatherapy should not be taken seriously either.
17.
Answer: E
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph G, line 4
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, you can find the reference that “other hardline scientists argue that there should be no such thing as complementary and alternative medicine. As Professor David Moore, director of the Medical Research Council’s Institute for Hearing Research, said: ‘Either a treatment works or it doesn’t.” Professor Moore says ‘there should be no such thing as complementary or alternative medicine’ – it should not exist. He thinks that every form of treatment that has been scientifically proved to work should be considered medicine and that any form of treatment that has not been scientifically tested cannot be considered a medicine of any kind.
18.
Answer: E
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph E, last line
Answer explanation: According to the said paragraph “not enough scientific research has been performed. There is enough anecdotal evidence to suggest that at least some of the alternative therapies are effective for some people, suggesting this is an area ripe for research.” The molecular biologist says that there is enough ‘anecdotal evidence'(evidence from what people have said about their own experiences) that some alternative therapies ‘are effective'(do work) and that therefore research should be done into them.
19.
Answer: A
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph C, last line
Answer explanation: Author in the said paragraph states that “Dr.Romke Bron, a molecular biologist at the Medical Research Council Centre at King’s College London, added: ‘Homoeopathy is a big scam and I am convinced that if someone sneaked into a homoeopathic pharmacy and swapped labels, nobody would notice anything.’” Dr. Bron says that homoeopathy is a ‘scam’ (a clever and illegal way of cheating people out of money) and that claims made about the content of homoeopathic treatments cannot be trusted.
20.
Answer: C
Question Type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 1
Answer explanation: Few lines in the said paragraph informs that “is complementary medicine hocus-pocus or does it warrant large-scale scientific investigation? Should science range beyond conventional medicine and conduct research on alternative medicine and the supposed growing links between mind and body?” ‘This’ at the beginning of the last sentence refers to the question of whether complementary or alternative medicine can be considered to ‘warrant’ (deserve) ‘scientific investigation’ and whether scientists should ‘conduct research’ into it.
21.
Answer: E
Question Type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: If you observe clearly, it is mentioned that “surprisingly, our sample of scientists was twice as likely as the public to use some form of complementary medicine, at around four in 10 compared with two in 10 of the general population. Three-quarters of scientific users believed they were effective.” The Mintel survey found that one in five British people (20%) used complementary medicine, so, clearly, the number of people using it was one of the subjects of that survey.
22.
Answer: B
Question Type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: “surprisingly, our sample of scientists was twice as likely as the public to use some form of complementary medicine, at around four in 10 compared with two in 10 of the general population” The writer says that ‘our sample’ – the scientists asked in the survey the writer was involved in – used complementary medicine more than the general public. It, therefore, tried to find out how many scientists used it.
23.
Answer: D
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 1
Answer explanation: A line in the said paragraph discusses that “two centuries after homoeopathy was introduced, it still lacks a watertight demonstration that it works. Scientists are happy that the resulting solutions and sugar baffled by how they can do anything.” Scientists felt that homoeopathy has not been definitely proved to work and are ‘baffled by how’ – they cannot understand how – it could be effective, but they think it has ‘no side effects’ – no unpleasant and unintended results.
24.
Answer: C
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 1
Answer explanation: The answer is clearly mentioned in the said paragraph and line. You must note the paraphrasing here. In the passage, it is said that “when asked if complementary and alternative medicine should get more research funding, scientists believed the top three (acupuncture, chiropractic, and osteopathy) should get money, as should herbalism.” The scientists felt that acupuncture, chiropractic, and osteopathy should all receive money for research, ‘as should herbalism’ – and herbalism should receive money for research too.
25.
Answer: A
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: You can note the paraphrasing here. In the passage, it states that “scientists appear to place more trust in the more established areas of complementary and alternative medicine, such as acupuncture, chiropractic, and osteopathy, for which there are professional bodies and recognized training than therapies such as aromatherapy and spiritual healing.” Acupuncture is said to be one of the ‘more established areas’ that scientists ‘place more trust in’ because they have ‘professional bodies’ (organizations to run them) and ‘recognized training’.
26.
Answer: D
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 4
Answer explanation: Author in paragraph C states that “some of the comments we received were scathing, even though one in ten of our respondents had used homoeopathy.” The writer says that 10% of the scientists they asked in their survey had used homoeopathy, but that comments made about it were ‘scathing’ (extremely critical).
The cloud messenger Reading Answers (Passage 3)
Questions 27-40
27.
Answer: v
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 1
Answer explanation: It is mentioned that “Luke Howard had been speaking for nearly an hour, during which time his audience had found itself in a state of gradually mounting excitement.” A ‘momentous occasion’ is an important event that has important results. The paragraph describes the event – Luke Howard’s talk at the laboratory – and its effect on the audience, who realized that what they were hearing was of great importance.
28.
Answer: viii
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 2
Answer explanation: “Yet the nature of the means of their exact construction remained a mystery to most observers who, on the whole, were still in thrall to the vesicular or ‘bubble’ theory that had dominated meteorological thinking for the better part of a century.” The paragraph refers to theories about cloud formation that people were still ‘in thrall to’ (still strongly believed in), such as the vesicular or bubble theory. Howard’s ideas showed these theories to be incorrect. In addition, the popular theories at the time had replaced the ‘earlier speculations’ – theories that had appeared before them but were now forgotten or considered strange.
29.
Answer: iii
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph C, last line
Answer explanation: Last line of paragraph C suggests that “it had long been accepted by many of the more scientifically minded that clouds, despite their distance and their seeming intangibility, should be studied and apprehended like any other objects in creation.” It is stated in the paragraph that Howard’s theory that clouds should be regarded as having things in common with the rest of the natural world was not a new one, and that ‘many of the more scientifically minded’ people held the same view.
30.
Answer: ix
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 4
Answer explanation: We are told that people may have thought that classifying clouds would involve hundreds or thousands of different types of cloud, but that Howard showed that there were ‘just three basic families of cloud‘. Therefore, he showed that classifying clouds was a less complex matter than people might have expected.
31.
Answer: i
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 1
Answer explanation: At the beginning of the paragraph, we are told that Howard’s system for classifying clouds involved giving them names that were connected with what they looked like and using Latin names because people of many nationalities would understand them. The rest of the paragraph gives examples of his names. “The names which Howard devised or they were designed to convey a descriptive sense of each cloud type’s outward characteristics (a practice derived from the usual procedures of natural history classification) and were taken from the Latin, for ease of adoption by the learned of different nations’: Cirrus (from the Latin for fibre or hair), Cumulus (from the Latin for heap or pile) and Stratus (from the Latin for layer or sheet).”
32.
Answer: x
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph F, line
Answer explanation: The opening line of paragraph F suggests that “the modification of clouds was a major new idea, and what struck the audience most vividly about it was its elegant and powerful fittingness. All of what they had just heard seemed so clear and so self-evident.” We are told that Howard’s system was ‘clear and self-evident’ to the audience and that, because it was so clearly the right way to describe clouds, they wondered why nobody had done it before.
33.
Answer: dizzy heights
Question Type: Diagram Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, last line
Answer explanation: Paragraph B, last sentence states that “you need all the skills of a good translator and those of a top-notch editor. You have to be precise and, of course, much more concise than in traditional translation work.” This is what the situation shown in the diagram was called by balloonists, we are told.
34.
Answer: major cumulus cloud
Question Type: Diagram Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, 2nd last line
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, it is mentioned that “by the time the middle of a major cumulus cloud had been reached, the temperature would have dropped to below freezing, while the oxygen concentration of the air would be starting to thin choir dangerously.” The situation described is when a balloon has gone up so high in the sky that it ¡s now in the middle of this type of cloud.
35.
Answer: oxygen
Question Type: Diagram Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, 2nd last line
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, it is mentioned that “by the time the middle of a major cumulus cloud had been reached, the temperature would have dropped to below freezing, while the oxygen concentration of the air would be starting to thin choir dangerously.” At this point, the ‘oxygen concentration’ in the air begins to ‘thin quite dangerously’ – there begins to be so little oxygen that breathing becomes difficult.
36.
Answer: 6.5°C; thousand/1000 meters
Question Type: Diagram Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 4
Answer explanation: According to a line in the given paragraph “Howard, however, was adamant that clouds were formed from actual solid drops of water and ice, condensed from their vaporous forms by the fall in temperature which they encountered as they ascended through the rapidly cooling lower atmosphere. Balloon pioneers during the 1780s had continued just how cold it could get up in the realm of the clouds: the temperature fell some 6.5″C for every thousand meters they ascended.” As the balloon goes up into the air, the air temperature goes down at the rate described.
37.
Answer: E
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph E, last line
Answer explanation: Author states that “the rain cloud Nimbus, for example (from the Latin for cloud), was, according to Howard, a rainy combination of all three types, although Nimbus was reclassified as nimbostratus by meteorologists in 1932, by which time the science of rain had developed beyond all recognition.” The cloud type that Howard called Nimbus was later given a different name – nimbostratus – by meteorologists.
38.
Answer: F
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph F, last line
Answer explanation: Paragraph F, last sentence suggests that “their forms, though shapeless and unresolved, had, at last, it seemed, been securely grasped. Howard had given a set of names to a radical fluidity and impermanence that seemed every bit as magical, to that first audience, as the Eskimo’s fabled vocabulary of snow.” Howard’s system for naming clouds is said to have been similar in a way to the system of words used by Eskimos for different types of snow.
39.
Answer: A
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph A, last line
Answer explanation: The paragraph A lists all the kinds of information that Howard gave. In the last sentence, we are told that there was ‘much that needed to be taken on board‘, which means that there was a lot of information for the audience to understand and think about.
40.
Answer: F
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph A, last line
Answer explanation: In the given paragraph you can refer to information that “some must have wondered how it was that no one – not even in antiquity – had named or graded the clouds before, or if they had, why their efforts had left no trace in the language.” The writer is saying that he is certain that people in the audience asked themselves why nobody had come up with a system for naming and grading clouds before Howard.
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