IELTS Reading Practice Test 23 With Answers – Topic : Disorders : An Overview, The Developing World, Biometrics
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In the Academic Reading practice test, “Disorders : An Overview, The Developing World, Biometrics” there are various question types. Each of these question types are asked in the IELTS Reading exam. So, the passages given in this practice set will help you enhance your reading and understanding capabilities.
We at IELTSMaterial.com would urge every IELTS aspirant to time this test as in the real exam and find the answers without looking at the key. If you have scored 40/40, then we wish you all the best. If you haven’t, then we would earnestly advise you to take one of our IELTS reading practice tests.
Here are question types in this reading test
Reading Passage 1 ( Disorders : An Overview)
- Matching sentence endings
- Table completion
- Multiple Choice Questions
Reading Passage 2 ( The Developing World)
- Matching headings
- Yes/No or Not Given
- Matching sentence endings
Reading Passage 3 (Biometrics)
- Matching information
- Sentence completion
- Summary completion
Reading Passage 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.
Disorders: An Overview
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Questions 1-5
Look at the statements (Questions I – 5) and the list of disorders (A – G) below.
Match each statement with the correct disorder A – G.
Write the correct letter A – G next to questions I – 5 below.
NB There are more disorders than descriptions, so you will not use them all.
1 can be positive in small doses but is generally associated with pressure
2 feeling that there is danger constantly present
3 has experiences that may or may not be part of the ‘real’ world
4 active to the point of losing concentration and becoming disruptive
5 good at art but not at communicating
Types of Disorders
A Stress
B Autistic Spectrum Disorder
C Attention Deficit Disorder
D Schizophrenia
E Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
F Depression
G Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Questions 6-9
Write your answers in the blank spaces next to 6-9 on your answer sheet.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
| Disorder | Personality Trait Exhibited by Sufferer |
| Autism Spectrum Disorder | My excel in activities of a 6…………………nature |
| Attention Deficit Disorder | May appear 7………………………. |
| Schizophrenia | May respond to experiencing episodes of the disease by behaving in very 8 ……………………….. |
| Depression | May experience feelings of futility that lead to thoughts of 9………………………. |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder | May frequently experience feelings of doubt and anxiety. |
Questions 10-13
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D and write them next to 10-13 on your answer sheet.
10 Which disorder could cause visible physical changes?
A Autistic Spectrum Disorder
B Stress
C Schizophrenia
D Depression
11 Episodes of which disorder may last for a limited period of time?
A ADHD
B Autistic Spectrum Disorder
C Schizophrenia
D Depression
12 Which disorder can be triggered by the death of a loved one?
A Autistic Spectrum Disorder
B ADHD
C Stress
D OCD
13 What characterises sufferers of OCD?
A the fear of going outside
B the performance of rituals
C the desire to hurt others
D the feeling that they are helpless to ease their distress
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Reading Passage 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14 – 26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.
The Developing World
Questions 14-18
Reading Passage 2 has five paragraphs, A – E.
Write the appropriate number i – viii in spaces 14-18 below.
Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
List of Headings
i. The great divide between rich and poor.
ii. The status and destiny of the developing’ world follow a European precedent.
iii. Economic progress in the developing world slowed down In political unrest.
iv. More people, less food.
v. Western countries refuse to acknowledge their history of colonisation.
vi. Open trade is the main reason these countries become impoverished.
vii. Rivalry in the developing world between capitalist and former communist countries.
vii. Prices and conditions set by outsiders
| 14 | Paragraph A ________ |
| 15 | Paragraph B ________ |
| 16 | Paragraph C ________ |
| 17 | Paragraph D ________ |
| 18 | Paragraph E ________ |
Questions 19-22
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
Write your answer in the blank spaces 19-22 on the answer sheet.
19 Agriculture still plays a role in the economy of developing countries. ________
20 The population of the developing world increases at such a fast ________
rate because they constantly need to renew the labour force. ________
21 Countries that spend more on imports than came from exports can experience problems. ________
22 As the developing world, oil-rich countries are also victims of dominance by Western powers. ________
Questions 23-26
Write the correct letter A – F in spaces 23 – 26 below.
Complete each sentence with the correct ending A – F below.
23 Countries in the developing world
24 The term ‘the third world’ implies
25 One factor that is prevalent in the developing world is
26 One consequence of the terms of trade was
A economic dependence on developed countries.
B that decolonisation took a long time to achieve.
C dictate the needs of industrialised countries.
D share common characteristics.
E that many economies stagnated.
F a society that wants something it does not have.
Reading Passage 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.
Biometrics
Questions 27-31
Reading Passage 3 has eight paragraphs, A-H.
Write the correct letter A – H in boxes next to 27 – 31 on your answer sheet.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
27 possible health hazards associated with the use of biometrics
28 convicted criminals were not the first to be identified by the use of biometrics
29 the application of mathematics in assessing biometric data
30 despite its limitations, biometrics has become a commercial field of activity
31 some biometric methods are useful only in conjunction with others
Questions 32-34
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
32 Members of the public are becoming increasingly worried about the……………….that may accompany the use of biometrics.
33 Biometrics can be used to improve the……………….of drivers and passengers.
34 Regardless of the technology used, it has one common purpose: to find somebody’s ………………and store it on the computer.
Questions 35-40
Compute the summary from the list of words A – L below.
Write the correct letter A-L in blank spaces next to 35-40 below.
Biometrics
As long ago as the 14th century, the Chinese made use of biometrics in order to tell young children apart, but it was only in the 1890s when it was first used by the authorities as a means of 35………………………… in criminal cases. The system developed by the Frenchman Bertillon –
that of measuring adult bones – was flawed, however, and so police adopted 36………………………… as a more reliable way of identifying suspects. Governments, companies and even schools employ biometric technology to ensure, for example, that people do not enter a country illegally, gain access to certain buildings, or assume someone else’s 37…………………………. Apart from security, another important 38………………..behind biometric verification has been 39…………………………. The use of biometrics, however, has its critics, who say that the data collected could be used for different purposes without our 40………………………….
A identification
B security
C convenience
D scanning
E fingerprinting
F identity
G violation
H measuring
I justification
J approval
K factor
L apprehension
Answers
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Disorders: An Overview Reading Answers (Passage 1)
1 Answer: A
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph 3, line 7
Answer explanation: The 7th line of paragraph 3 states that some stress can be positive and research has suggested that a moderate level of stress makes us perform better. These lines indicate that stress can be positive and that a modest amount of stress helps us perform activities in a better way. Thus, the answer is A.
2 Answer: G
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph 7
Answer explanation: When we read the passage thoroughly, we understand Paragraph 6 explains a person’s constant fear. Similarly, the 7th Paragraph states that the description mentioned in 6th Paragraph might illustrate a sense of the tormented and anxious world that people with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) live in. Therefore, the feeling that there’s danger constantly present is known as Ocd. So, the answer is G.
3 Answer: D
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph 4, line 2
Answer explanation: The 2nd line of paragraph 4 states that during an episode of schizophrenia, a person’s experience and interpretation of the outside world is disrupted – they may lose touch with reality, see or hear things that are not there and act in unusual ways in response to these ‘hallucinations’. These lines suggest that when a person undergoes a schizophrenic episode, their experience and interpretation of the outside world is altered, resulting in them to lose contact with reality and act in odd manners in response to the hallucinations. Thus, Schizophrenics have experiences that may or may not be a part of ‘real world’, so, the answer is D.
4 Answer: E
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph 2, line 2
Answer explanation: The 2nd line of paragraph 2 states that Children with ADHD are not just very active but have a wide range of problem behaviours which can make them very difficult to care for and control. These lines reveal that children with ADHD are not only hyperactive but they also exhibit problems related to behaviours, making them difficult to care for and control. Therefore, ADHD leads to the point of losing concentration and becoming disruptive. So, the answer is E.
5 Answer: B
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph 1, line 3
Answer explanation: The 3rd line of the first paragraph states that people with Autistic Spectrum Disorder can be good at creative activities like art, music and poetry. They can concentrate on one thing for a long time and they can become very good at something that they like doing. These lines indicate that people with Autistic spectrum disorder are extremely good at creative activities, that is they can focus on one thing for a long time and become proficient at it. Thus, the answer is B.
6 Answer: creative
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph 1, line 3
Answer explanation: We understand from the 3rd line of the first paragraph that People with Autistic Spectrum Disorder can be good at creative activities like art, music and poetry. They can concentrate on one thing for a long time and they can become very good at something that they like doing. These lines indicate that Autistic Spectrum disorder patients are extremely good at doing creative activities and they excel in such activities. So, the answer is creative.
7 Answer: quiet and dreamy
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph 2, line 9
Answer explanation: We understand from the 9th line that ADD can easily be missed because the child is quiet and dreamy rather than disruptive. These lines reveal that ADD can be missed due to the child being quiet and dreamy rather than disruptive. Therefore, children may appear quiet and dreamy when ADD is missed. So, the answer is quiet and dreamy.
8 Answer: unusual ways
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph 4, line 2
Answer explanation: The 2nd line or paragraph 2 illustrates that a person’s experience and interpretation of the outside world is disrupted during an episode of schizophrenia. These people might lose touch with reality, see or hear things that are not there and act in unusual ways in response to these ‘hallucinations’. We understand that when a person undergoes schizophrenia, they might lose touch, and act in odd ways, in response to the hallucinations. So, the answer is unusual ways.
9 Answer: suicide
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph 5, line 6
Answer explanation: We understand from 6th line 5th paragraph that a person suffering from depression might experience tearfulness, poor concentration, reduced energy, reduced or increased appetite, changes in weight, sleep problems and anxiety. They will also feel that their life is not worth living and plan or attempt suicide. Thus, depressed person might experience feelings of futility that leads to the thoughts of suicide. So, the answer is suicide.
10 Answer: D
Question type: Multiple Choice Question
Answer location: Paragraph 5, line 6
Answer explanation: We can find reference for visible physical changes in the 6th line of paragraph 5, which states that a person suffering from depression might also experience tearfulness, poor concentration, reduced energy, reduced or increased appetite, changes in weight, sleep problems and anxiety. They’ll also feel that life is not worth living and plan or attempt suicide. Therefore, the answer is D.
11 Answer: C
Question type: Multiple Choice Question
Answer location: Paragraph 4, line 5
Answer explanation: The 5th line of paragraph 4 reveals that an episode of schizophrenia can last for several weeks and can be very frightening. These lines indicate that an episode of schizophrenia can last for many weeks which can be extremely horrifying. So, the answer is C.
12 Answer: C
Question type: Multiple Choice Question
Answer location: Paragraph 3, line 4
Answer explanation: The 4th line of paragraph 3 states that stress may be caused either by major upheavals and life events such as divorce, unemployment, moving house and bereavement, or by a series of minor irritations such as feeling undervalued at work or dealing with difficult children. These lines indicate that stress is caused due to significant life-changing events or by a series of minor irritations. Thus, the correct answer is C.
13 Answer: B
Question type: Multiple Choice Question
Answer location: Paragraph 8, line 3
Answer explanation: The 3rd line of paragraph 8 illustrates, “What distinguishes OCD as a psychiatric disorder is that the experience of obsessions, and the performance of rituals, reaches such intensity or frequency that it causes significant psychological distress and interferes in a significant way with psycho-social functioning.” These lines suggest that the experience of obsessions and the performance of rituals, reaches such intensity or frequency that it causes significant psychological distress and interferes in a significant way with psycho-social functioning distinguishes OCD from mental disorder. So, the answer is B.
The Developing World Reading Answers (Passage 2)
14 Answer: ii
Question type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 21
Answer explanation: The 21st line of paragraph A states that by the end of the 1950s, the term was frequently employed in the French media to refer to the underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa, Oceania and Latin America. These lines suggest that due to the status of Asian countries and continents, and Europe’s dominance on the world, it exerted a significant influence on these underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa, Oceania, and Latin America. Therefore, it is clear that Paragraph A illustrates the status and destiny of the developing world, which follows a European precedent. So, the answer is ii.
15 Answer: i
Question type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 4
Answer explanation: The 4th line of paragraph B states that nevertheless, the developing world is sharply differentiated, for it includes countries on various levels of economic development. And despite the poverty of the countryside and the urban shantytowns, the ruling elites of most third world countries are wealthy. These lines suggest that the diversity between the rich and poor, that is despite the third world countries being rich, there’s a huge difference between the rich and the poor, and that the the developing world is significantly differentiated as it consists of countries with economic development. So, the suitable heading for Paragraph B is i.
16 Answer: vi
Question type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 3
Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 3rd line of paragraph C that the main economic consequence of Western domination was the creation, for the first time in history, of a world market. By setting up sub-economies linked to the West throughout the developing world, and by introducing other modern institutions, industrial capitalism disrupted traditional economies and, indeed, societies. We understand from these lines that the economic consequence of the Western supremacy led to the creation of a world market. Further, with the establishment of sub-economies linked to the West throughout the developing world and introduction of modern institutions, the traditional economies and societies were disrupted by industrial capitalism. Thus, these lines indicate that open trade is the main reason for these countries to become impoverished. So, the answer is vi.
17 Answer: viii
Question type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph D
Answer explanation: The introductory line of paragraph D states that the economies of underdeveloped countries have been geared to the needs of industrialised countries, they often comprise only a few modern economic activities, such as mining or the cultivation of plantation crops. Control over these activities has often remained in the hands of large foreign firms. We understand from these lines that the underdeveloped countries’ economies were geared as per the requirements of the industrialized countries. They often consist of modern economic activities, which are controlled by large organizations. Thus, it is evident that the prices and conditions are set by the outsiders. So, the answer is viii.
18 Answer: iv
Question type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 4
Answer explanation: The 6th line of paragraph E depicts that the population explosion in the developing world will surely prevent any substantial improvements in living standards, as well as threaten people in stagnant economies with worsening poverty and starvation levels. We can deduce from these lines that with the increased population, providing food will become a challenging task,so it’s important to be ready for the forthcoming challenges. Thus, the answer is iv.
19 Answer: Yes
Question type: Yes/ No/ Not Given
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: Paragraph B states the fact that the countries in the developing world have a number of common traits: distorted and highly dependent economies devoted to producing primary products for the developed world; traditional, rural social structures; high population growth and widespread poverty. We understand that the developing world has a number of common characteristics: distorted and highly dependent economies are committed to producing primary products for the developing world, which means that developing countries rely upon agriculture. Thus, the statement agrees with the information. So, the answer is Yes.
20 Answer: Not Given
Question type: Yes/ No/ Not Given
Answer location: Paragraph E
Answer explanation: When we read Paragraph E, we comprehend that there’s no study of the developing world that could hope to assess the world’s future prospects without considering population growth. Therefore, there’s no reference for the statement that the population of the developing world increases at a fast rate due to the constant requirement of renewing the labor force. So, the answer is Not Given.
21 Answer: Yes
Question type: Yes/ No/ Not Given
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 9
Answer explanation: The 9th line of paragraph D states that even after decolonisation (in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s), the economies of the developing world grew slowly, or not at all, owing largely to the deterioration of the ‘terms of trade’ – the relationship between the cost of the goods a nation must import from abroad and its income from the exports it sends to foreign countries. Terms of trade are said to deteriorate when the cost of imports rises faster than income from exports. We can deduce from these lines that the economies of the developing world grew slowly due to the deterioration of trade, which occurs when the cost of imports increases rapidly than the income from exports. Therefore, the statement agrees with the information. So, the answer is Yes.
22 Answer: No
Question type: Yes/ No/ Not Given
Answer location: Paragraph D, last line
Answer explanation: We can find reference in the last line of paragraph D, which states that the oil-producing countries – after 1973 – succeeded in escaping the effects of Western domination of the world economy. These lines indicate that the oil producing countries were able to succeed by escaping the effects of Western domination of the world economy. Therefore, the statement contradicts the information given. So, the answer is No.
23 Answer: D
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph A
Answer explanation: The introductory lines of paragraph A ILLUSTRATES, “THE DEVELOPING World” – the economically underdeveloped countries of Asia. Africa. Oceania and Latin America – is considered as an entity with common characteristics, such as poverty, high birth rates, and economic dependence on the advanced countries. We can deduce from these lines that developing countries like Africa, Oceania, and Latin America share common characteristics like high birth rate, economic dependence, and poverty despite having different cultures. So, the answer is D.
24 Answer: F
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph A
Answer explanation: We find reference for the word, ‘third’ in the 9th line of paragraph A where the writer says, ‘Like the third estate’, wrote Sauvy, ‘the third world is nothing, and it wants to be something’. We understand that the word, third refers to the third world, which wants to be something on its own, which wants to make its mark. So, the answer is F.
25 Answer: A
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph A
Answer explanation: The first lines of paragraph A reveals that the DEVELOPING WORLD – the economically underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa, Oceania and Latin America – is considered as an entity with common characteristics, such as poverty, high birth rates, and economic dependence on the advanced countries. We can deduce that the developing countries rely upon the developed world for resources and finance as they can’t acquire necessary materials. Thus, one factor that is prevalent in the developing world is economic dependence. So, the answer is A.
26 Answer: E
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 9
Answer explanation: We find reference in the 9th line of paragraph D that even after decolonisation (in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s), the economies of the developing world grew slowly, or not at all, owing largely to the deterioration of the ‘terms of trade’ – the relationship between the cost of the goods a nation must import from abroad and its income from the exports it sends to foreign countries. Terms of trade are said to deteriorate when the cost of imports rises faster than income from exports. We understand from these lines that when the imports’ cost grows quicker than the income from exports, the trade gets to worsen as the prices of most products are involved in the international commerce, which are set up by the consumers in the developed countries, resulting in the deterioration of poor countries. Thus, one of the consequences of the term of trade was the economies that stagnated. So, the answer is E.
Biometrics Reading Answers (Passage 3)
27 Answer: H
Question type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph H, line 4
Answer explanation: The 4th line of paragraph H states that some believe this technology can cause physical harm to an individual using it, or that instruments used are unsanitary. For example, there are concerns that retina scanners might not always be clean. We understand from this line that there might be possible health hazards associated with the use of retina scanners as those instruments are not always clean. Thus, Paragraph H explains the disadvantages that come with the use of the technology, which also includes health hazards. So, the answer is H.
28 Answer: A
Question type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 5
Answer explanation: The 5th line of paragraph A illustrates that one of the earliest known examples of biometrics in practice was a form of fingerprinting used in China in the 14th century. Chinese merchants stamped children’s palm prints and footprints on paper with ink to distinguish the young children from one another. This method of biometrics is still being practiced today. These lines indicate that fingerprinting was initially used by the Chinese merchants to distinguish children from one another, which is still being practiced in the country today. Therefore, Biometrics is not only associated with criminology, but also a method to differentiate children in China. So, the answer is A.
29 Answer: F
Question type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 3
Answer explanation: The 3rd line of paragraph F states that when converting the biometric input, the software identifies specific points of data as match points. The match points are processed using an algorithm into a value that can be compared with biometric data in the database. These lines suggest that mathematics play an integral role in the algorithms used to recognize match points in the use of biometric data. So, the answer is F.
30 Answer: C
Question type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: The introductory lines of paragraph C states that in the past three decades, biometrics has moved from a single method (fingerprinting) to more than ten different methods. Hundreds of companies are involved with this development and continue to improve their methods as the technology available to them advances. We can deduce that biometrics has more than 10 different methods, as technology advances, several companies are involved in using biometric Technology, which continues to improve with the availability of technology. Therefore, Paragraph C matches with the statement that biometrics has become a commercial field of activity despite having limitations. So, the answer is C.
31 Answer: G
Question type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph G, line 15
Answer explanation: We find reference in the 15th line of paragraph G, which illustrates that later on, when identification verification is required, a new record is captured and compared with the previous record in the database. If the data in the new record matches that in the database record, the person’s identity is confirmed. We understand that all the biometric databases are not sufficient to be used alone, because some databases must be used to conjunct with each other to bring the desired result. Thus, the answer is G.
32 Answer: privacy issues
Question type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C
Answer explanation: The first line of paragraph C states that in the past three decades, biometrics has moved from a single method (fingerprinting) to more than ten different methods. Hundreds of companies are involved with this development and continue to improve their methods as the technology available to them advances. As the industry grows, however, so does the public concern over privacy issues. These lines indicate that there’s a significant advancement of biometric technology, which is growing as technology advances. Thus, with the growing popularity of biometrics, there’s a significant public concern over privacy issues. Also, the use of biometrics has helped the world in several ways, but it has also brought privacy concerns as it includes the data of the entire population. So, the answer is Privacy issues.
33 Answer: personal comfort
Question type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph E
Answer explanation: The first line of Paragraph E illustrates that Identification and verification are mainly used today in the fight against crime with the methods of fingerprint and DNA analysis. It is also used in security for granting access rights by voice pattern recognition. Additionally, it is used for personal comfort by identifying a person and changing personal settings accordingly, as in setting car seats by facial recognition. These lines suggest that identification and verification are mainly used to fight against crime with fingerprint methods and DNA analysis. Further, the use of biometrics in cars enables the passengers and the drivers to know each other well, ensuring personal comfort. So, the answer is Personal Comfort.
34 Answer: Characteristics
Question type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A
Answer explanation: The introductory line of paragraph A depicts that the term “biometrics” is derived from the Greek words bio (life) and metric (to measure). It refers to technologies for measuring and analysing a person’s physiological or behavioural characteristics, such as fingerprints, irises, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand measurements, for identification and verification purposes. We can deduce that biometrics means a technology used to measure and analyze an individual’s characteristics. Therefore, the common purpose of biometrics is to identify somebody’s characteristics and store it in a computer. So, the answer is characteristic.
35 Answer: identification
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph E
Answer explanation: The initial lines of paragraph E reveals that identification and verification are mainly used today in the fight against crime with the methods of fingerprint and DNA analysis. It is also used in security for granting access rights by voice pattern recognition. We understand that initial use of biometric was not involved in criminology, but as time evolved, the popularity of biometric enhanced and it was used for criminal identification and verification. Thus, the answer is identification.
36 Answer: Fingerprinting
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 9
Answer explanation: The 9th line of paragraph B states that his system was used by police authorities throughout the world, until 1903, when two identical measurements were obtained for two different persons at Fort Leavenworth prison. The prison switched to fingerprinting the following day and the rest of the world soon followed, abandoning Bertillonage forever. We understand from these lines that the use of Frenchman’s techniques didn’t favor the prison, as they found fingerprints as a better use for biometrics. So, the answer is fingerprinting.
37 Answer: Identify
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph G, line 8
Answer explanation: Paragraph G, 8th line states that Earlobe geometry has been used to disprove the identity of individuals who claim to be someone they are not (identity theft). We can deduce that earlobe geometry was used to disprove the recognition of individuals who claimed to be someone they are not. So, the suitable answer is identify.
38 Answer: factor
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 8
Answer explanation: We can find reference in the 8th line of paragraph D, which reveals that in addition to security, the driving force behind biometric verification has been convenience. These lines suggest that apart from security, the important factor of biometric identification and verification is that it’s very easy and convenient. Here, driving force refers to an important factor. So, the answer is factor.
39 Answer: convenience
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 8
Answer explanation: The 8th line of paragraph D reveals that in addition to security, the driving force behind biometric verification has been convenience. We can deduce that apart from security, another important factor behind biometric verification and identification has been convenience. So, the answer is convenience.
40 Answer: Approval
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph H, last line
Answer explanation: The last lines of paragraph G illustrates that the data obtained using biometrics can be used in unauthorized ways without the individual’s consent. These lines indicate that the data obtained using biometrics can be used without a person’s consent, so, it’s important to store data with the permission of the concerned person. Here, an individual’s consent means approval. So, the answer is approval.
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